Is Nitrogen Better
In Your Tyres Or Is It Just a Myth?
Getting right away from aeroplanes, I read an article on the motoring
page of a newspaper advocating the use of nitrogen to inflate car tyres.
The arguments put forward were as follows:
• Nitrogen molecules are
larger than oxygen molecules so permeate through tyre walls more slowly.
Thus tyres retain correct pressure for longer.
• Compressed air on a garage forecourt contains moisture
which may damage the inside walls of the tyre.
• Nitrogen inflation reduces tyre wear, improves fuel economy
and reduces exhaust gas emissions.
Taking the first point, atmospheric
air is already 80% nitrogen. If the oxygen molecules are smaller
and leak away faster, the nitrogen content in your tyres will increase
above 80% as you periodically adjust your tyre pressures.
Taking the second point, every air compressor has a water bleed valve
on its pressure tank because moisture is 'squeezed' out when air is
compressed. It pools at the bottom of the pressure tank and has to be
drained periodically. Therefore compressed air supplied on garage forecourts
is dry.
The third points seem to be drawing a very long bow. It's under-inflation
that causes wear, reduces economy and increases emissions, regardless
of the gas used in the tyres. What do you think, dear friend? Do you
want to pay to blow up your tyres, provided you can
find a service station supplying nitrogen? And is it in the least bit
necessary?
Good,
if unnecessary, advice.
The photo on the right and item above
show the level to which I've sunk, vegetating in Longreach while waiting
for the long overdue Boeing 707. For the benefit of any who may not
know, a caravan park dump point is where the toilets from caravans and
motorhomes are emptied. God bless dump points.
The Historic Boeing 707
There were some errors in the original posting
of this section. I am indebted to my Chief Adviser (Aviation) - brother,
Mike - for correcting them.
Now back to that Boeing 707 which went into service with Qantas
in 1959. It was the first jet airliner to be purchased by an Australian
airline. For their fleet requirements, Qantas ordered a shortened version
of the 707 known as the 707-138. This gave the aircraft a lower passenger
capacity but greater range. After ten years service Qantas sold the
aircraft and it subsequently passed through several hands before being
purchased by the Saudi royal family who lavishly refurbished the interior.
Around 1999 the Saudis put the 707 on the market and it was parked at
Southend Airport in the U.K. The aircraft deteriorated for eight years
and was due to be scrapped, the aluminium was to be converted into beer
cans (urban myth?) when Qantas found it. The company decided to restore
it and fly it back for ground display at Longreach. It was a humongous
task! Volunteers worked 18,000 man hours to restore it to flying condition.
Its tail and its engines were totally removed, corrosion was treated
and the engines were rebuilt. It was then flown to Sydney prior to continuing
on to Longreach. Delay after delay then ensued, but eventually a date
- Sunday, 10th June 2007 - was fixed for the aircraft's last flight.
The long awaited day finally arrived and Pamela and I were were positioned
at our chosen vantage point at the back of the airport by 9:30, an hour
and a half before the 707 was due. The camera was set, its battery charged,
and we waited, tingling with excitement, at the airport's perimeter
fence. Okay, okay, Pam was actually knitting in the car, but I'm sure
she was as excited as I was. She has a way of hiding her emotions behind
a bored, long-suffering facial expression, but she can't fool me!

The R.A.A.F. Challenger C604. Arrived
and broke down.
The Deputy Prime Minister and several
other members of the Federal Parliament arrived in a Boeing 737 and
a Royal Australian Air Force Challenger 604 executive jet, doubtless
at taxpayers expense. This, of course, had nothing whatsoever to do
with the fact that this is an election year - how can you be so cynical?
A new stretched version of a DeHavilland DHC-8 called a Q400 also made
its inaugural appearance. It will fly to Longreach on a regular basis
henceforth.

The first Q400 version of the DHC-8 to
visit Longreach. It has six-bladed propellers.
Finally there was a stirring in the
crowd (which by then numbered several hundred in 'our' paddock) as a
twinkling light appeared in the southern sky. It grew slowly closer
until the shape of the descending Boeing 707 could be distinguished,
landing lights ablaze. She circled the airport and the town a couple
of times then made an approach to the runway with her gear (undercarriage)
down.

Condemned to being scrapped to make beer
cans? What an absolute scandal!
Volunteers put in 18,000 man hours to
strip and rebuild her.
She flew low across the airfield while
cameras clicked furiously, then increased power and climbed away with
black smoke trailing from her four engines - see the photo below right.
Next she made another low pass, this time faster, with her undercarriage
retracted, and again performed a climbing left turn with black smoke
trailing.
Finally she made a long approach and touched down perfectly. The engines
screamed like Paris Hilton being escorted back to jail as reverse thrust
was employed to assist the wheel brakes in slowing the aircraft. She
stopped safely with runway to spare.
Pam and I quickly started our own engine and joined the queue to escape
the little paddock, pushing and shoving to get out as quickly as possible.
We then took a wrong turn and rejoined the main road behind all the
cars we'd shoved in front of. C'est la vie. Long before we
arrived at the airport's entrance there were cars cluttering the grass
verge on both sides of the road so we grabbed a vacant spot and parked,
walking the remainder of the way. On arriving at the entrance all the
police had gone and we could have driven straight in and parked with
no trouble. Ho-hum.
Initially the 707 was besieged by dignitaries, Qantas employees, spectators
and a lovely young thing in red wearing a miniskirt. Pam and I retired
to the restaurant as we just can't do with crowds and politicians droning
on (and Pam hadn't spotted the nymph in red). After a coffee Pam wanted
to look around the museum shop so I went outside again to look at the
nymph aircraft. By then the crowd had thinned considerably. The
P.A. system, used to broadcast the profound words of the politicians,
announced that the 707 would be pushed back to her final stand, next
to the giant 747, at two o'clock.
The
crew seemed reluctant to leave her. They seemed
unable to tear their eyes from her beautiful lines.
In keeping with
the history of the 707's arrival, there were further delays. The R.A.A.F.
Challenger 604 jet that had brought the politicians to Longreach apparently
had a hydraulics failure and had to be towed out of the way. Finally
the huge tractor returned and connected its towbar to the 707's nose
wheel and began to push it slowly back. By that time all the crowd had
gone . . . only I and one or two other true believers remained. Even
Pam had gone, leaving me to walk home. Under the blazing sun. All alone.
I walked around to where the 747 was parked to photograph the 707 being
reversed into position. Suddenly it seemed tragic that such a beautiful
aircraft was never to grace the skies again, especially after all the
work the volunteers had contributed to her restoration.
It took a crew of eighteen to back her onto the prepared concrete stand
as the surface adjoining the concrete was rather soft. A path of large
plywood slabs was laid behind her wheels, and as she was pushed slowly
back the crew worked furiously to retrieve the plywood slabs from in
front of the wheels and replace them behind. As the aircraft's weight
rolled onto the wood there were many ominous creaking and cracking noises.
After a few realignments the crew was happy and the 707 was parked alongside
her younger, but much larger, sister. There were not too many possible
angles to photograph the two Boeings together so I finally selected
one showing a photographer (who clearly knew the right people) standing
way out on the wing of the 747. I have not tampered
with this picture to make the photographer look smaller - this is exactly
what the camera saw.

The Boeing 707 being pushed into her
final position alongside the Boeing 747.
There are grand plans to rebuild the
whole airport. These include new terminal buildings and a longer runway
to accept modern jets. This begs the question: Why? Will more people
come to the little country town of Longreach? Not unless a lot of other
things also change. However, at this stage it's just 'pollie' talk in
an election year. Enough said. The plans for the museum include a huge
roof over all the displayed aircraft which would be very good for both
the aircraft and their visitors.
And So To Julia Creek
Two days after the 707 arrived, we left. We drove 640 kilometres to
Julia Creek. We hadn't intended the journey to
be anything like as long but Alice, our GPS Navigator, had plotted the
shortest route which included a very useful short-cut along a dirt road.
She's programmed not to do that, we don't drag the caravan
along unsealed roads, but the girl has attitude. We only discovered
her little trick when we were well on our way. We then had to re-plan
our course via Cloncurry then backtrack to Julia Creek which added
a lot of kilometres. Ho-hum.
We stayed two nights in Julia Creek. Exploring the little town took
about an hour - and that was on foot. There were no tourist attractions
except the artesian bores which we'd covered pretty thoroughly at other
towns. Worse, there was only one fuel supplier who charged like a wounded
bull. We, in company with Julia Creek's residents, were outraged but
had no choice but to grit our teeth and pay up. As one resident said,
you need a full tank to get to the next service station.
The Road To Normanton
We left Julia Creek for Normanton and, 100 kilometres out, we pulled
over for a 'comfort stop' and discovered we had a broken spring on the
caravan rear axle.

The two parts of the broken spring. Just
what you need in the middle of nowhere.
What were our options? We were in the
middle of nowhere - we'd only seen one vehicle in the whole 100 kilometres
- and the nearest town was the one we'd just left - tiny Julia Creek.
We were out of mobile phone range. Fortunately the broken end of the
main leaf had dropped onto the next leaf of the spring and, despite
the fact that it was only resting there, not secured at all, it seemed
fairly stable. We decided to gingerly continue 350 kilometres to Normanton
at much reduced speed, keeping all our fingers and toes crossed, hoping
we could purchase a new spring there. This made it another long day
and certainly did the tyres no good, the wheels being well out of alignment.
The country along the way was almost dead flat and our view was only
limited by the curve of the earth. We could often see the road ahead
run straight as a die (if I can misuse a cliché), all the way
to the horizon. Most of the journey was on single track road. Fortunately
there were few oncoming vehicles but when we saw one in the distance
we cautiously moved completely off the bitumen and stopped. If we hadn't,
then the oncoming vehicle, usually a large truck, would have to put
its left wheels onto the gravel verge and shower us with stones and
grit as it roared past, leaving us coughing dust.
We saw many brolgas close to the road. These are the largest of the
crane family of birds and stand up to 4' 6" tall. They are silver-grey
in colour with the backs of their heads and necks bright scarlet. Their
formation flying is amazing - if anything their flight is even more
graceful than that of the pelicans, and that's saying something.
Normanton
We arrived late at Normanton without further drama and booked into the
Tourist Park. Next morning I removed the offending spring from the caravan.
There was nowhere in Normanton to obtain a new one so we tried phoning
Jayco, the caravan's manufacturer, in Victoria. They kept us
on hold for ages and finally fobbed us off by giving us a disconnected
phone number, purportedly for AL-KO who make the caravan's undercarriage.
Pam found the correct number on the good old internet. AL-KO referred
us to a trailer manufacturer in Cairns where a wonderful lady called
Linda went to a lot of trouble to locate a spring for us. She had to
order it from Brisbane and then forward it on to us in Normanton. The
new part had to travel 2,400 km. by road, so wasn't going to arrive
anytime soon. But thank you Linda, you've restored our faith in human
nature. What a shame Jayco didn't provide us with the same level of
service - or any level of service, for that matter.

Define 'Friendly'.
While we waited for the new spring to
arrive the weather turned feral. There we were, in tropical Northern
Queensland, freezing! Day after day it rained. One day it seemed
to be easing so we visited Karumba which is on the southern shore of
the Gulf of Carpentaria. That place is a haven for people who are hooked
on fishing (pun not intended) but even the most hardy of fishermen had
stayed in their accommodation with their heaters on. We drove around
and discovered that the town is divided into two parts a few kilometres
apart, Karumba and Point Karumba. Neither excited us very much under
the grey sky with a cold wind blowing and occasional spatters of rain.
We came across The Animal Bar in a Karumba hotel; we'd been told it
was a 'must see' place so we went in. Why we'd been told to visit it
was a mystery at the time; it was a large barn-like room with one wall
missing so the cold wind blew straight in. Not surprisingly there were
few other customers but the inevitable television was blaring away at
full volume with nobody watching it. We later learned that the bar area
used to be protected by a strong wire mesh fence with small holes cut
just large enough for drinks to be passed through. The 'patrons' at
that time were wild fisherman and trawler crews who brawled so
frequently the bar staff needed protection. With the wire mesh gone
there was nothing worth looking at so after a quick drink we headed
home.

The Purple Pub at Normanton
There being little to do or see in
Normanton, we resorted to propping up the bar in the Purple Pub where
we soon became friendly with the staff. The owner and the manager were
both women. There were also two backpackers, Donna and Shira. Donna
was my favourite barmaid and Shira was a wonderful Chef to which our
waistlines can attest.

Two lovely ladies, Donna worked the bar
and Shira was the wonderful chef.
There was a culture of the Aborigines
drinking outside on the veranda while the whites drank inside. This
was by choice, there was no rule and some Aborigines did drink at the
bar. We found them friendly and smiling, and most would return our greeting.
A few preferred to avoid eye contact.

The sign over the Gents toilet
door and, . . .
. . . the sign over the Ladies door.
One evening an Aborigine man started begging drinks
at the bar until he ran out of goodwill from the whites stupid enough
to oblige (Pam and I). He then ordered another drink. When asked for
the money he pointed at an old Aborigine man and said "Uncle will pay".
This started a big blue as 'Uncle' was not even from the same tribe
and had no intention of paying. After a lot of shouting the old fellow
had him by the throat. Liz, the lady manager, separated them but the
shouting and foul language continued with the young black now pushing
and threatening the old man who walked away into the back of the pub.
He soon returned and when the young black started towards him again,
the old bloke suddenly produced a knife and lunged at him. The younger
one rapidly selected reverse gear and bolted outside, chased by the
old man. Liz intercepted the old guy at the door and retrieved her kitchen
knife. After that the situation simmered for a while but didn't boil
over again. At no point during this cabaret did anybody even consider
calling the cops, which maybe speaks volumes about Normanton.
We'd become friendly with two white blokes, known locally as the 'Dodgy
Brothers'. They warned us that whites should never interfere as long
as a dispute remained black on black. They said that evening's drama
had developed because we had bought the younger black man alcohol. I'll
tell you what, we won't again! I later had a chat to the old bloke who,
to my surprise, was five years younger than I am. Notwithstanding what
had gone before, he seemed a pretty decent bloke. He couldn't stand
seeing Aborigines cadging money or drinks. "If he can't afford
a beer he should go home".

What a pair of characters! Jeff and John,
the 'Dodgy Brothers'. They really are brothers.
As the weather became colder and wetter
night by night, the Aborigines all came inside, outnumbering the whites.
The atmosphere was very friendly with a lot of laughing and everybody
getting on well. One black man grabbed my arm and jabbered away to me.
One of our two white friends quickly murmured, "He's a good guy.
He's okay." So I smiled at the man who was as black as soot with
a mop of frizzy hair as he jabbered on to me. I laughed when he laughed
and nodded when it seemed appropriate, patted him on the back and nodded
towards where Pam was standing at the bar. We both laughed again and
shook hands, and I went back to Pam. I hadn't the faintest inkling of
what he'd said but it didn't seem to matter. A black woman tapped me
on the arm and pointed to a black man near the door. "He win the
draw tonight - he getting married soon." The draw to which she
referred had a prize of $1,900 and the groom-to-be had won it. I had
to smile at her obvious happiness for him. I went over and shook his
hand.
We heard a story about a Normanton butcher who slept under the counter
in his shop in case anybody tried to steal money from his till. One
morning, after a few beers the night before, he awoke to find the till
empty. He went off his face, yelling he'd been robbed. Several days
later he found his money where he'd hidden it - in the cold room where
he hung his meat. Apparently his customers entered the shop with some
trepidation. If he was in the wrong mood he might refuse to serve them.
We had to visit his shop after that and, despite him being very surly,
he sold us some excellent meat.
One evening in the Purple Pub I asked for a glass of port to round the
evening off.
"Sorry," was the reply, "We're not allowed to serve fortified
wines due to the Aborigine situation."
"But you serve wines and spirits" I protested, "Why not
port?"
"That's just the way it is. Sorry."
How crazy is that?
Normanton is nicknamed Normal-town because, perversely, nobody in the
town is 'normal'.
The Gulflander
Still awaiting the new caravan spring - we discovered it had reached
Cairns - we took a trip on a tourist train called the Gulflander. This
little train, they proudly informed us, has now operated for one hundred
years and has made a loss for every one of those years. What a strange
claim to fame!

The Gulflander crossing the Norman River.
Not very fast but a lot of fun.
To liven the experience up, the train
was ambushed by a Mexican bandit on horseback. The guard tried to escape
with the money but the bandit rode him down and stole it at gunpoint.
My photos of a galloping horse through the glass window of a rocking
train were not worth reproducing.
There was a well-informed commentary from the train driver as we travelled
along with a good bit of humour thrown in. We passed a billabong known
as Broken Wagon Waterhole, the surface of which was covered in water
lilies. That time my attempt at photography from the moving train was
a little better.

Water Lilies on the surface of the Broken
Wagon Waterhole. We did see some
blue sky that day and even a minute of sunshine, but it didn't last.
The railway was originally intended
to go to Cloncurry, but then gold was found at Croydon so the line was
to be built to both towns. In the end the Cloncurry branch was never
built and the line just goes to Croydon. It does not connect to the
main rail network anywhere. 
This little Jack Russell had his own swag and
billy!
The Gulflander runs to Croydon once a week but our trip went just as
far as Critters' Camp with a 'smoko' stop beside a waterhole. The Clarina
Waterhole had been an important stop in bygone days. The lagoon was
used to water the steam locomotives and there used to be a hotel there,
but now there's just the water. We disembarked for an hour and were
fed near the water's edge - all we could eat with either tea or coffee.
The caution that there could be crocs in the lagoon was ignored by most
- none had ever been seen there.
After 'smoko' (known as 'morning tea' in Britain) the train continued
to Critters' Camp, so named because a railway crew that stayed there
during construction of the track came across spiders, snakes, scorpions,
centipedes and many other unwanted companions. At Critters' Camp there
is a triangle of track with railway points at the apexes of the triangle.
There the little train made a three point turn in order to return to
Normanton, engine first.
We only stopped once on the return journey, and that was when we were
entering the town. The train stopped quite abruptly and the guard, who
was in our carriage, showed some consternation. It transpired that a
bunch of little black children had dragged a railway sleeper across
the track. Our driver saw it in time and stopped to shift it, giving
the kids a good 'serve' as he did so.
The New Spring Arrived
A few days later two things happened. The new caravan spring arrived
on schedule, and the weather changed to bright, sunny and cloudless.
With the 'van repaired we should have been able to leave, however the
radio broadcast a long list of road closures due to days of unseasonal
rain. These would be unsealed roads so of no concern to us. However
the sealed roads that we would be using were frequently single track,
and the verges would be very soggy so we decided to stay three more
days to give the verges time to harden up.
Accosted by a Gin
One evening I was sitting at the bar in the Purple Pub with Jeff 'Dodgy'.
An Aborigine woman - they're known as 'gins' just as white women are
called 'sheilas' - came and sat next to me and started groping me! It's
true! She kept jabbering to me, most of which was unintelligible, but
I gather she wanted us to go somewhere else. Jeff was laughing fit to
bust and the damned woman was so persistent that I swilled the remainder
of my drink, told Jeff she was all his, and set off back to the caravan.
On my way down the dark side street to the caravan park I glanced back
and . . . she was behind me! Once again she was all hands and jabbered
away, the gist of which I grasped but didn't particularly like. Next
thing she'd grabbed my hand and stuffed it down inside her clothing.
I finally found a phrase she understood when shouted loud and accompanied
by a good shove. Hint: The second of the two words was "off".
I took a circuitous route through the caravan park, weaving in and out
of many caravans until I was home. "Lock the door" I said
to Pam, "there's an Aborigine chasing me," and I told her
the story. Her face was a picture!
Next evening the 'Dodgy Brothers' laughed so hard they almost fell off
their bar stools. The story was common knowledge by then, and still
spreading, though they didn't know what happened after I'd left the
pub. The final episode of this yarn took place
a few days later after we'd finally left Normanton and driven 300 km.
to Georgetown where we found a rodeo in full swing. The bull ring
was surrounded by stalls and sideshows. We decided to have a coffee
and started chatting to the couple running the stall. Would you believe,
they had already heard the story. It had reached there before
us.
And so Goodbye to Normal-town
I'll finish this page with one last story from the Purple Pub, though
this happened long before our visit.
One evening an out-of-town man had been drinking at the bar when he
fell backwards off his stool and lay motionless on the floor - not an
unheard of occurrence. The barman asked a roustabout to drag him outside
and the man did, leaving him lying on the veranda. At closing time he
was still there so the barman threw a bucket of water over him. When
he still didn't move they checked him over. He was stone dead.
And that's it from Normanton and the Purple Pub, Folks. I won't tell
you about the night we went to the Central Hotel which is the Aborigine-only
pub where even the staff are black. We went with the 'Dodgy Brothers'
for a sort of dare. It was fun. See you in Georgetown on Page 51.